jueves, 28 de agosto de 2008

Sorteo Andaluciacork

Actualizo este blog para hablaros sobre el concurso que ha organizado la web Andaluciacork con el objetivo de dar a conocer el sector corchero y la labor que hacen.

Primero organizaron un original concurso donde había que presentar una obra hecha a partir de tapones de corcho. Yo presenté la mía (aunque no salió ganadora) y me divertí un rato haciéndola. Dieron un premiazo: un ordenador portátil. Bueno, yo tendré que seguir ahorrando para comprarme el mío, jeje.

Ahora sortean dos estupendos iPods entre la gente que vote a las obras presentadas en el anterior concurso o publiquen en sus blogs una entrada como ésta.

También he aprendido en qué consiste la saca del corcho, cosa que nunca antes me había planteado. Aquí os copio un texto de su web y podéis encontrar más información en ella:


La primera saca de corcho en la vida del alcornoque se realiza cuando el perímetro del tronco alcanza los 65 cm, medidos a 130 cm de altura. Este primer corcho se llama "bornizo" y debido a su estructura irregular, no es válido para la producción de tapones. La segunda saca se realiza al cabo de 9 años y el corcho extraído se llama "segundero", que tampoco es utilizado para producción de tapones debido a su estructura aún irregular, pero menos que la del bornizo.

Normalmente este tipo de corcho se dedica a trituración para su uso en productos
como pavimentos. La tercera y sucesivas sacas dan lugar al corcho de reproducción o de fábrica. Su vientre (parte interna, en contacto con la capa madre) y espalda (parte externa) son lisos y su calibre homogéneo, por lo cual es apto para la fabricación de tapones. La extracción se realiza por sacadores profesionales; éstos deben manejar el hacha corchera con mucha habilidad para no practicarle ninguna herida a la capa madre, que está prohibido, ya que pondría en peligro la vida del alcornoque.

La primera operación es la abertura que consiste en golpear el corcho verticalmente en la hendidura más profunda del alcornoque. Al mismo tiempo, el corte del hacha es
rodado, con el objetivo de separar el corcho exterior del interior. La plancha es separada posteriormente del árbol, insertando la punta del hacha y desplazando ésta entre el tronco y el corcho, con objeto de despegarlo en paneles, cuanto más grandes, mayor valor comercial. El corcho, una vez sacado, se separa por calidades, se hace montones y se procede al estabilizado, que consiste en dejar estos montones a la intemperie durante seis meses o más, en los cuales los factores atmosféricos eliminan la savia, se oxidan los polifenos y la textura del corcho se estabiliza.

Tras esta estabilización, las planchas son cocidas en agua durante al menos una hora. En este proceso el gas existente en las células se expande, creándose una estructura celular muy densa y uniforme y aumentando el volumen total del corcho en aproximadamente un 20 %, tornándose más liso y suave y por tanto más fácil de trabajar. Posteriormente, las planchas son secadas y sujetas a un período de reposo de tres semanas en almacenes de temperatura y humedad controlada.
Éstas planchas son recortadas en tiras para su perforación por brocas tanto automáticas (texturas más uniformes) como manuales (texturas menos uniformes). Los tapones así resultantes se pulen para rectificar el tamaño de los extremos.
Llegado a este punto, se procede a una clasificación, eliminando los que tienen cualquier defecto perjudicial para el tapado del vino. A continuación se les somete a un proceso de lavado y desinfección y posterior secado en hornos especiales.

El siguiente paso es la impresión, si ésta es requerida, y el revestimiento con
silicona y parafina para facilitar la introducción y extracción. Por último, los
tapones son embalados automáticamente, desinfectados con dióxido de azufre e
introducidos en sacos.





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